![]() Since the diagnosis of MS is a clinical diagnosis, MRI and laboratory testing are not required. The symptoms of MS can come and go, and they are not the same for every person. The diagnosis of MS takes time and can be challenging. In addition, it’s important to understand what imaging findings are and are not typical of MS to avoid misattributing MRI lesions to MS. Importantly, the diagnosis of MS relies on exclusion of other causes of symptoms and signs that might otherwise suggest MS, but are accompanied by “red flags” that point to an alternative and unifying diagnosis (Toledano 2015). ![]() The clinical diagnosis of MS is made after thorough evaluation, usually by a neurologist or another provider with experience working with MS, and is not based on one specific physical finding, laboratory test, or symptom. For clinical research trials, the McDonald Criteria ensure that those without a definite diagnosis of MS are not enrolled. The McDonald Criteria revisions enable more rapid diagnosis of MS and thus permit earlier treatment of MS. The McDonald Criteria were developed by an international panel in association with the National MS Society of America, modified in 2005, and revised again in 20. Diagnostic Criteriaĭiagnostic criteria have evolved over time from the Schumacher Criteria (1965), to Poser Criteria (1983), and finally to the McDonald Criteria (2001). Given that MS is a clinical diagnosis that can evolve over time, careful follow-up of patients is necessary to confirm that MS, once diagnosed, remains the best possible diagnosis. The diagnosis of MS can be challenging, and is focused on excluding MS mimics that have alternative treatments. The criteria have evolved over time to allow more rapid diagnosis of MS and thus permit earlier treatment of MS. ![]() The diagnosis is by clinical criteria with support as necessary from MRI and spinal fluid analysis. In other words, MS plaques occurring in multiple parts of the central nervous system (CNS) and over the course of time. The basis of MS diagnosis is by determination of "lesions disseminated in space and time”.
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